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Difference between Python and Java
The Java programming language was developed by Jams Gosling at Sun Microsystems and then acquired by Oracle Corporation.
Python is an object-oriented, high-level programming language developed by Guido Van Rossum.
Python vs Java
The key differences between Java and Python are as follows:
| Python | Java |
| Python is dynamically typed, meaning you don’t need to declare variable types explicitly. | Java is statically typed, requiring explicit type declarations. In Java, all variables and their types must be declared explicitly. |
| Python is slow as it is an interpreted language. | Java is typically faster and more efficient than Python due to its static typing and compilation to bytecode. |
| Python has a vast ecosystem with numerous libraries and frameworks for scientific computing applications like Data Science, AI, and Machine Learning. | Java is best suited for web, Mobile(Android), and Enterprise development. Its rich ecosystem strongly supports Enterprise applications. |
| Python’s Global Interpreter Lock (GIL) limits true parallelism in multithreaded programs. | Java has built-in support for multithreading and concurrency, making it ideal for developing concurrent applications. |
| In Python, multiple classes can be defined in a single file. | Every class in Java has to be defined in its own file. |
| Python focuses on readability and simplicity with a clean and concise syntax, making it easier for beginners to learn. | Java has a more complex syntax with strict rules and requires more boilerplate code. |
| Python proper code indentation is mandatory and automatically enforced. | In Java, code indentation is not mandatory. |
| In Python, garbage collection is done with reference counting and supports mark and sweep garbage collection. | Java uses an automatic garbage collector to manage memory. |
| Python language compiles to a native byte code and provides optimization advantages. | Java language compiles to a Java bytecode that Java Virtual Machine (JVM) can execute on any machine. |
| Python supports double-precision complex numbers. | Java does not support complex numbers. |
| Python supports only dynamic size arrays. | Java supports both fixed-sized as well as dynamic-sized arrays. |
Both languages( Java and Python ) have strengths and weaknesses, so the choice between them depends on the specific requirements of the software project.
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